Source : Sahel weather July & august 2024 

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To mark the first anniversary of the Conseil National pour la Sauvegarde de la Patrie's (CNSP) stewardship of the transitional government, the Prime Minister held a press briefing at his office on August 10 to take stock of the situation. For him, the union of the people around the CNSP is the greatest satisfaction to be noted at the end of this special year, because all the components of society have formed a shield around the nation. For him, managing current affairs and ensuring the smooth running of the country in all sectors, relying solely on his own forces, would be proof that Niger would not need any outside help. The Prime Minister also welcomed the departure of foreign armed forces from Niger and the resumption of cooperation between Niger and financial institutions. The solidarity of African and foreign countries such as China was also a great help when the embargo was imposed, he maintained.

However, on July 25, on the eve of the anniversary of the putsch, the management of the transitional government was criticized by human rights defenders. Indeed, Human Rights Watch, Amnesty International and the International Federation for Human Rights noted that "human rights are in freefall" in Niger, and called for the release of all political detainees and respect for fundamental freedoms, especially those of the media.

A week after this anniversary, the first technical reshuffle of the government team made news on August 17. The dismissal of the Minister of Petroleum, Barké Bako Mahaman Moustapha, for unknown reasons, gave rise to speculation. His replacement by Dr. Sahabi Oumarou is said to be part of a drive for reform and initiatives to optimize management of oil resources and improve energy policy.

In early July, an attack on a base of the Nigerien Defense and Security Forces (FDS) in Tahoua, positioned as part of Operation SHARA, resulted in the death of at least six soldiers. The information bulletin issued by the FAN (forces armées nigériennes) states that the riposte forced the enemy to retreat. An earlier communiqué, dated July 3, reported the arrest of around 100 terrorists in response to the deadly attack orchestrated ten days earlier by the Coalition of Armed Groups.

In the Mehana region, serious atrocities cost the lives of 14 civilians (on August 13), particularly in Gangania, Amara, Mamassey, Tchibi Bero, Tchibi Kaina and Bandabarey, localities close to the so-called three-border zone. The "lakal-Kaney" operation led to the arrest of two terrorists and the recovery of stolen cattle. Also in Torodi, in the Tillabéri region, a notorious criminal was arrested by the FDS following clashes with terrorists. In Dosso Kourégou, a village in the same region, seven civilians were killed by terrorists on motorcycles.

At Koutoukalé prison, inmates including terrorists escaped from the high-security prison with weapons following a mutiny on July 11. This event testifies to the fragility of security in the country, both inland and in border areas.

Caused by various factors such as conflict, climate change, economic instability and disease, food insecurity affecting 3.4 million people is the other threat facing Niger.

On the international front, the war between Ukraine and Russia seems to have invaded the Sahel. In Mali, Ukraine's support for armed groups to confront Wagner has led to unprecedented diplomatic crises. In response, Niger, a member of the Alliance of Sahel States, announced that it was severing diplomatic relations with Ukraine with immediate effect.

Generally speaking, the security situation has deteriorated considerably with the Transitional Government celebrating its anniversary at the helm of Niger, in a context where "the number of jihadist attacks has increased", demonstrating that the problem of insecurity is far from over. The withdrawal of American troops, a pillar of the fight against insurgents in the Sahel region, has probably had an effect on control of this area.